Sources of AC power. DC and AC current

Any people who choose to work with electrical engineering as his profession, should be very good to understand what are the sources of power, what are their features and differences. Really nothing complicated, as we will show in this article.

It is hard to imagine how it would look like the modern world, get lost from the electrical energy and related appliances. Probably, the mankind still would use steam engines and the muscular force of animals and their fellows. It is impossible to say exactly who first discovered electrical energy: spinners in ancient Syria used the property of amber to be magnetized (to electrify), Aristotle tried to explore the possibilities Stingray, but what about the danger of lightning is known from the beginning of the world (no wonder some cultures worshipped it).

The electric current is of two types – AC and DC. This difference is due to the method of its production. Accordingly, the power source of alternating current issue current first type, and permanent second. By the way, there's a division between "first – second" conditional. In electrical engineering is used as the power sources AC and DC. Let us recall some theory.

Any electric current is the movement of charged particles directed to the conducting material, the electromotive force EMF. External influence informs some of the electrons in the outer orbits of the atoms, an additional energy sufficient to overcome the attraction of the nucleus. As a result, free charge carriers - ions and electrons. According to the law of conservation of energy there is a natural process of recombination of the particles in the surrounding atoms in the lattice sites. Without external influence the structure of the material is restored. However, if the conductor is connected to a source of EMF, generated by the recombination of field directs in a direction of an electric current. The AC actually represents the generator EMF, the vector direction of which is periodically reversed. Hence the name "variable". Sources of AC power in most cases, the generating capacities of the generators in modern power stations generate alternating current it is. They are more reliable in operation and easy to maintain than the brushed model DC. The diagrams sources of AC power are frequently described as a circle with a wave inside. This wave is a symbolic representation of a sine wave.

The AC power source creates movement of the particles not only with changing direction, but floating with the current value. The sine wave indicates that periodically the value passes through zero. On a completely different principle of the constant current source. They create in the conductor is constant in the direction of the electric field, forming a directed movement with the charge of the particles. It is considered that current flows from positive to negative (from positive to negative). In fact, the electron motion is in the opposite direction – from negative to positive. Since the charge of a single electron is negative, then the pole with the sign "minus" indicates an excess of these particles (hence the total charge). Based on the fact that oppositely charged particles are mutually attracted, it is easy to guess that the electrons in the conductor move from "minus" to "plus". Allowed artificial change of the effective value of this current does not cease to be constant. There are many different solutions to convert DC to AC (sine wave generators) and Vice versa (rectifiers, bridges).

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